3 research outputs found
Transmission transparency and potential convergence of optical network solutions at the physical layer for bit rates from 2.5 Gb·s-1 to 256 Gb·s-1
In this paper, we investigate optical network
recommendations GPON and XG-PON with triple-play
services in terms of physical reach, number of subscribers,
transceiver design, modulation format and implementation
cost. Despite trends to increase the bit
rate from 2.5 Gb s1 to 10 Gb s1 and beyond, TDMPONs
cannot cope with bandwidth requirements of future
networks. TDM and WDM techniques can be combined,
resulting in improved scalability. Longer physical
reach can be achieved by deploying active network
elements within the transmission path. We investigate
these options by considering their potential coexistence
at the physical layer. Subsequently, we analyse the upgrade
of optical channels to 100 Gb s1 and 256 Gb s1
by using advanced modulation formats, which combine
polarization division multiplexing with coherent detection
and digital signal processing. We show that PDMQPSK
format is suitable for 100 Gb s1 systems and
PDM-16QAM is more beneficial at 256 Gb s1. Simulations
are performed in the OptSim software environment
System Performance and Limits of Optical Modulation Formats in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Systems
In this paper we investigate in OptSim software environment the system performance of intensity and phase modulation formats for different network scenarios and dense wavelength division multiplexing grids. OptSim employs the Time Domain Split Step method to implement the signal distribution equation in a fiber. We investigate intensity formats, such as Non Return to Zero, Return to Zero, Carrier- Suppressed Return to Zero and DuoBinary, and phase modulation formats like Differential Phase-Shift Keying and Differential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying. The main goal is to compare these formats in terms of bit error rate, Q-factor, optical reach and grid limitations for transmission rates 10, 40 and 100 Gbps per channel and discuss the possibilities of increasing their spectral efficiency. We also focus on other advanced solutions such as the polarization division multiplexing combined with phase modulations, coherent detection and advanced digital signal processing which mainly benefits in spectral efficiency, optical signal to noise ratio and chromatic dispersion tolerances
Benefits and limits of modulation formats for optical communications
This paper is focused on benefits and limits of intensity and phase modulation formats used in optical communications. The simulation results are obtained using OptSim software environment, employing Time Domain Split Step method. Non-Return to Zero, Return to Zero, Chirped Return to Zero and Carrier-Suppressed Return to Zero formats are compared in terms of Bit Error Rate and spectral efficiency to find the limits for selected transmission network topologies. It is shown that phase modulation formats offer many advantages compared to intensity formats. Differential Phase-Shift Keying and mainly Differential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying improve the Bit Error Rate and transmission reach, among others. A promising solution is the application of Polarization Division Multiplexing Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying, which primarily benefits in spectral efficiency, estimated reach, optical signal to noise ratio and chromatic dispersion tolerances